Description
Product Characteristics:
The complement component proteins: C2, C3, C4 and C5 are potent anaphyl-atoxins that are released during complement activation. Binding of these proteins to their respective G protein-coupled receptors, C3aR, C1R and C5aR, induces proinflammatory events, such as cellular degranulation, smooth muscle contraction, arachidonic acid metabolism, cytokine release, leukocyte activation and cellular chemotaxis. Activation of the complement system leads to the formation of C5b-9 terminal complex, and while C5b-9 can promote cell lysis, the sublytic assembly of C5b-9 on plasma membranes causes an opposite result and induces cell cycle activation and survival. C5b-9 can rescue oligodendrocytes from FAS-mediated apoptosis by regulating caspase-8 processing via PI 3-K signaling. C5b-9 may play a pro-inflammatory role in the acute phase of multiple sclerosis, but may also be neuroprotective during the chronic phase of the disease. Complement C5 precursor contains C5a anaphylatoxin. C3a and C5a secretion correlates with pathophysiological phenotypes such as asthma and bacterial meningitis.
Synonyms: Anaphylatoxin C5a analog, C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 4, C5, C5a, CO5_HUMAN, Complement C5 alpha'' chain, Complement C5, Complement component C5, CPAMD4.
Target Information: The protein encoded by this gene is the fifth component of complement, which plays an important role in inflammatory and cell killing processes. This protein is comprised of alpha and beta polypeptide chains that are linked by a disulfide bridge. An activation peptide, C5a, which is an anaphylatoxin that possesses potent spasmogenic and chemotactic activity, is derived from the alpha polypeptide via cleavage with a convertase. The C5b macromolecular cleavage product can form a complex with the C6 complement component, and this complex is the basis for formation of the membrane attack complex, which includes additional complement components. Mutations in this gene cause complement component 5 deficiency, a disease where patients show a propensity for severe recurrent infections. Defects in this gene have also been linked to a susceptibility to liver fibrosis and to rheumatoid arthritis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]